J.B. Priestley believed in socialism and he used large amounts of his plays to try and convince people to his way of thinking. The setting of this play is before world war one and two, and also the sinking of the Titanic, thus showing Birling foreshadowing future events, and adding to the dramatic irony. The inspector arrives in the middle of a celebration of the daughter (Sheila) and her engagement to the wealthy Gerald Croft. He rejects the Inspectors final words through this stage direction which creates a dramatic hyperbole that it is impossible for the audience to miss. As time progresses, the audience becomes more socialist and the play is more effective. Priestley questions the morality of the Birling family and points out behaviours that are selfish. (2017, Sep 29). J.B. Priestleys use of contrasting characterization within the Birling family in the play An Inspector Calls creates tension and communicates his theme that one must take into consideration the consequences of their actions and take responsibility for them. At that moment, Priestley was one of Britain's best-known and most admired . Priestley presents Mrs Birling as having double standard. Much appreciated! Gale, M. B. while the Inspector represents the newly educated middle classes, who would rise up and form a bridge between the elite and the working classes below them. Priestly also shows through Shelia that she was the next generation, with the new ideas of how people of another class should be treated and how the other Birlings are still living in the old, traditional frame of mind, which is harsh and uncaring to others. - Confrontation with the inspector she takes responsibility, - The young are more impressionable. B. Priestley, Power. In the play An Inspector Calls Priestley presents Mr Birling as a businessman who has had several successes over the years and who has been active in local politics as Lord Mayor of Brumley, although it becomes evident as the play progresses that Mr Birling J. BY the end of the play, Priestley shows that Eric fully accepts his responsibility and describes how he cannot even remember his assault of Eva as being a hellish thing. The different members of the Birling family would still have made a significant impact to the girl; with ultimately all of them being responsible for what Eva Smith eventually does to herself. This is when characters in the play personify a moral quality. This is certainly the point that is being made by Priestley, as the inspector affects the younger generation far more than their elders. Either way, she is closer with him than his own mother. The Point Is, You Dont Seem to Have Learnt Anything: Reimagining JB Priestleys An Inspector Calls as a Brechtian Lehrstck for the Middle Classes. The School Librarian, 60(2), 112. The irony is that the opposite is true as Priestley reveals how Mrs Birlings behaviour is morally wrong she punished a pregnant girl by refusing her charity when she needed it the most just because the girl used her name and in doing so angered Mrs Birling. Also, she observes that the Inspector is getting ready to speak to Gerald next and pushes this through, asking direct questions to Gerald and working out the reasons why he wasnt where he said he was the summer before. Y - why it is there. An Inspector Calls is one of Priestley's best-known works for the stage and is considered to be one of the classics of mid-20th century English theatre. The dialogue is believable and fast moving and the play is structured so that each act grabs the audience's attention. How is Gerald presented in An Inspector Calls? Not only could it be argued that the inspector is an immensely powerful figure but also that Priestley uses the stage directions that Inspector Goole's arrival to act as a symbol for how he wants society to improve. This shows how the presence of the Inspector changes the atmosphere and how he is here for a purpose. Compare Priestleys presentation of Eva Smith and Shelia Birling. Modern Drama, 60(2), 212-230. Priestly ensures that the Inspector says little in the way of moral judgment until just before he exits. Clearly, Eric, with his privilege, is used to getting his own way and Priestley wants us to see that for Eric Eva is something to satisfy his own desires, merely taking advantage of Evas misfortune. Priestley uses Mr Birlings character as an example of the selfishness of the middle classes and their lack of responsibility to others. The fact that Mr Birling is threatening the Inspector is, , though the Inspector brushes it aside. In Acts 1 and 2 she doesnt say much about the tragic death of Eva at all, showing her lack of remorse. The repetition and qualifiers enhance the dramatic irony as he was wrong about both of these things. That question is never answered, though the audience . and, although the focus has been on only one character at any time, the familys crimes the inspector finally delivers his closing speech, which has all the, of a sermon that is delivered to the audience as much as it is to the family. You will sit An Inspector Calls alongside your Poetry in one 2hr 15min exam. NesPaper Register Comparison (Linguistics) Essay. Although all the Birlings are responsible for Evas mistreatment and death in some way, they react differently when they find this out from the Inspector. This is a, an impression is something that is the result of pressure, as though shes been bullied into seeing things differently; but it is also something that often disappears over time. There are two characters in particular who are very different in the way that they live their lives and their own outlook on life. How does Priestley explore the theme of responsibility in the play? At rise of curtain, the four Birling's and Gerald are seated at the table, with Arthur Birling at one end, his wife at the other, Eric downstage and Sheila and Gerald seated upstage. In this morality play, the inspector promotes a socialist understanding of the world in a way that reflects the views of the plays author JB Priestley. By inducing a sense of hatred towards Mrs Birling he allows the audience to see the flaws in a capitalist mind-set. An inspector calls: Looking at retail development through a sustainability lens. What is the significance of the ending in. An inspector calls. As time has changed, so has the way in which society views them even if the ideas are identical. In effect, we are left on a cliffhanger wondering what the real police inspector will do. It seems that the girl who was once infantilised is now accusing her parents of playing make-believe. Through the Inspectors voice, the audience hear the socialist message that the Birlings are being taught and we left knowing that this is a warning to us all we need to accept responsibility and take better care of others around us. Students who find writing to be a difficult task. With a couple of sentences added to each paragraph which referenced a few key moments of plot it would go up to a G8. As a result, a lot of what's good in this paragraph is lost. This reminds the audience that we all have to accept responsibility for our actions and realise it is not enough to only think of ourselves but we must think of others as well. Priestley uses the reaction of Mr Birling to the Inspector to represent how people of the upper capitalist class use their positions of power as an excuse to be ignorant to their actions. Here you will also find the best quotations, synonyms and word definitions to make your research essay well-formatted and your essay highly evaluated. In 1912, people were very divided and the poor would rarely move up to the higher classes. Nettles by Vernon Scannell Poem Analysis, Nearing Forty by Derek Walcott Poem Analysis, The Planners B-A Grade Essay + Feedback, How to write clear, effective PEE paragraphs, Eve of St Agnes Setting and Narrative Voice, Rhyme of the Dead Self by Fairburn Poem and Analysis, From An Essay on Criticism Poem Analysis. The colloquialism has Mrs Birling unaware of the changes and reluctant to change her mind-set. It is also clear, however, that Sheila deeply regrets her actions. Similarly, the character of Inspector Goole is the main voice of responsibility in the play and is the voice of Priestley himself as he is trying to show the Birling family that being upper class doesnt make them any less responsible for the community than the next person. We only begin to see these different aspects when the family begin to learn how each one of them was involved in causing the chain of events which led a girl, Eva Smith to commit suicide. Required fields are marked *. The play is known as a morality play. Therefore, understanding the character of the inspector is key to . The She also says, in response to a speech from Eric in which he accepts responsibility, that he makes her feel a little less ashamed of them, a word which really shows just how powerfully Sheila sees her parents remorseless behaviour. It seems that one question will be about a character or a group of characters, while the other will be . The play conveys a very strong message that we have the power to change other people's lives and we should all care and look out for each other. 'a hard-headed, practical man of business' (p. 6) Perfect for revision. Priestley redeems her partly to show the morally repugnant nature of the Birlings lack of redemption, through juxtaposing their response with hers. Thank you- this is a bite-size resource that contains a lot of detail. Mrs Birling. Birling at the start of the play describes himself as a hard headed . Mrs Birlings feelings are clear: that the inspectors ideas have affected Sheila, but only, , acknowledging that he will often have an effect on the young. As such, changes to the script would also have to be made. Responsibility is a very important theme in An Inspector Calls, as the Inspector reveals one by one that all the Birling family are partly responsible for Evas death. At this point, the audience know that she is talking about Eric and are, waiting for the big reveal. Priestleys gory imagery alternately makes the audience feel guilty because they may realise how ignorant they have been to ignore the struggles of the working class and persuade them to change by being more empathetic. Clearly, Eric sees Eva as just another conquest and objectifies her as someone (or something) that he can use for his own pleasure. If theres nothing else, well have to share our guilt This in itself increases dramatic tension the audience is waiting for a confrontation which is dependent on all the facts of the story finally emerging. The stage would first be set at a garden party, and when the Inspector arrives: a storm begins and as such; they move indoors. They may have not been so quick to change, as, at the time, only rich, most-likely capitalist, people would have gone to the theatre to see the play, whereas a modern audience is more diverse and open. Get original paper in 3 hours and nail the task. Over the years, the way in which Priestly has presented these thoughts, while still relevant, may not be as effective as they were several decades ago. Additionally, Priestley conveys a message of responsibility through the inspector when he says, we are members of one body. The noun members highlights that we are all joined together and if one member falls, then it brings everything down. The inspector is described as giving an impression of massiveness. This is interesting as it makes it clear that he isnt massive but should give that impression. As a direction this is a bit of a nightmare for a, that makes him seem huge. Here, Priestley's use of the adjectives "pink and intimate" suggests a warm and happy atmosphere whereas the adjective "harder" opposes this. The apocalyptic imagery that follows is equally well-known, as the Inspector promises fire and blood and anguish. JB Priestley. She absorbs the relatively complex moral didacticism the Inspector represents with regards to the interconnectedness of human society. Priestley uses the inspector to convey the consequences of what will happen if members of society do not change. socialism now then the wars, and all the horrors that came with them, would return again. The siblings also exchange comments when she calls him squiffy. It is almost as though Priestley is mocking people like Mr Birling. In contrast to Mr Birling, Priestley uses the character of Sheila to present those who are willing to take responsibility. Here, the Birlings represent the wealthy and. Sheila repeatedly refuses, arguing that she will stay until I know why that girl killed herself. Here, she clearly shows herself standing up to her parents, sticking to her desire to discover the truth of the situation. He is also the character who knew Eva Smith most intimately An Inspector Calls, Bourgeoisie, Class Politics, Idea, J. The play is known as a morality play. This is particularly shown by her quoting the exact words of the Inspectors apocalyptic list of consequences if the rich fail to heed the social situation: she quotes his words of Fire and blood and anguish. In addition, the Inspectors language has religious tones to it as he warns the Birlings and Gerald Croft that if they do not stop exploiting the poor, they will learn their lesson with fire, blood and anguish. Thank you for the helpful feedback. Home Essay Samples Literature Plays An Inspector Calls. Inspection. The tricolon is heavily emphatic and emotive the Birlings rejection of it, which follows swiftly, creates a further sense of their moral vacuity. Eric is a character in the book The Inspector calls which is presented by J.B. Priestley. Near the beginning, when Birling mentions the Titanic and how war would be impossible, I would replace it with events such as how Birling now believes that a terrorism attack would be impossible, and how poverty would have been eradicated through economic growth. Whereas Shelia would be a middle aged woman when priestly wrote the book, he wanted to show the difference of views between the younger and older generations of 1912. This is because he is inspecting them, almost as though hes looking through them and into their soul. This would be bad in terms of responsibility as it suggests that he doesnt care for others as much as himself and doesnt have any respect for the inspector or his ideas. This means that the new setting must still be able to foreshadow future events that will take place, to keep the sense of dramatic irony. By continuing well assume youre on board with our, Order Mrs Birling. One may argue that the younger generations are more impressionable and naive while the older generations are very hardheaded and assertive. Explore the . No problem! The Inspectors name is Goole which An Inspector Calls, Audience, Inspector Clouseau, J. Inspector Goole, Edna, Arthur Birling, Sybil Birling, Sheila Birling, Eric Birling, Gerald Croft. The word sorry shows he feels embarrassed about his emotional side, as many men of the time (1912) did. When the Inspector arrives, he explains how her spoilt behaviour in a shop led to Eva being sacked. Mr Birling Model Paragraph (Intermediate) Paragraph with Components Identified In the opening of An Inspector Calls, Priestley presents Birling as a foolish individual who is out of touch with society. We try for bigger profits. In many ways this quote, : that they see their own right to desire more profits as, , while those who resist are troublemakers and cranks., After Mr Birling, the Inspector turns to Sheila, who had Eva sacked from her job in a local department store. Exam Questions An Inspector Calls. Arthur and his wife Sybil seem happy, although Sybil is reserved at the meal. This is when characters in the play personify a moral quality. The role/function of the Mr Birling character in the play. In Act 2, Gerald says sorry, Ive just realised a girl has died. He doesn't let sentiment get in the way of whatever needs to be done to succeed. We see this in the line, Ill never, never do it again to anyone. Priestley wanted make people aware of this to questions their own ignorance. He is portrayed to be half shy, which suggests that he has a lack of confidence because he feels that Class Politics, Responsibility, Social Duty. Gradesfixer . The main theme must be identified at the outset to first be able to update the play so that is still relevant. The fact that the younger generation is standing up to the older generation and doing unconventional actions like scolding them, the main theme of the novel is clearly represented. This accusation of play-acting creates an ironic role-reversal, as though Birling is the one childishly refusing to engage with reality, and she becomes the parent-figure who rebukes him for his immaturity. She also argues that her parents dont seem to have learnt anything, behaving almost like a school mistress arguing that a lesson has been missed. During their time with the inspector, her parents and Gerald repeatedly try to send Sheila out of the room to protect her from his news her mother argues that she is looking tired, something that we would only really say to a very small child. The younger generation, prominently Sheila is verbally pointing out her contrasting viewpoint directly saying (to Mr. Birling) I think it was a mean thing to do (21). Thanks for reading! An Inspector Calls was set in 1912, a time in which society was divided by not only gender but by social class. In effect, An Inspector Calls has arguably three endings, or climaxes. When the inspector asks if Eric drinks, she says of course not, hes only a boy, which shows she is either lying or not close with her family. If I were to direct this play so that this theme would be relevant today, I would first have to change the setting of the whole play. It is revealed that Arthurs prime motive is to keep wages down so that he could make more profits. The lighting change tells us how Priestley wants society to change; he wants society to stop being ignorant to the working class. Attract the reader's attention and make sure they understand what this paragraph will cover. Through this incident, Priestley reinforces Erics and the Birlings exploitation of their own position in society, and is a symbol of thesocially and morally irresponsible behaviour of the Birlings and others of their social status. Set in 1912, an Upper class English family are celebrating their daughter's engagement when their evening is interrupted by a police inspector. Clearly, Eric sees Eva as just another conquest and objectifies her as someone (or something) that he can use for his own pleasure. It deals with issues of exploitation, abandonment and social ruin, within the framework of a detective mystery. The second paragraph, however, contains some interesting points that could be related to the question but which aren't. Birling speaking on the phone when the person has rung off indicates also that his social authority is over; creating the sense that there is justice has lost what he really cared about. These two characters are Eva Smith and Shelia Birling. The play was written in 1947, this was just after the Second World War, but it was set in 1912. At the beginning of the play she is a young, nave girl who is happy to be told what to think and do; by the end she is the only character who really takes responsibility for the death of Eva and is happy to tell her parents that she thinks they are wrong. B. Priestley, Moral superiority, The Play, Time and the Conways. Priestley, having served in the war himself, developed strong socialist views. Priestley presents a strong message about responsibility throughout the play. Eva Smiths name suggests that she represents all of the ordinary humanity, Eva suggesting Eve of Genesis, symbolically the mother of humanity, and Smith being a stereotypical working-class surname. She is described by the play-write as " about fifty, a rather cold looking women and her husbands superior ". The characters react in extremely different ways to this information and Sheila emerges a very strong and conscientious character. If the whole family had acted similarly to Sheila, the outcome would have most probably been contrary of the unfortunate ending in the play. This could have been easily fixed if the student had remembered to continually link their points back to the question. Conditions. By creating characters like Sheila and Eric with An Inspector Calls, J. JB Priestley embedded strong political messages in his play, and you need to understand those well to be able to write a high level essay or exam answer on the text. He has various purposes, represents several themes, and has an interesting persona. The stage directions describe her as being very pleased with life a phrase which reflects her luxurious upbringing. All viral.) interrogating the family. Also, a complete lack of AO2 causes real problems. Through the character of Eva Smith, Priestley is trying to show how women were exploited by men. The audience at this point would doubtless be agreeing with Sheila regarding her fear. Furthermore, J. "An Inspector Calls" is a play with a varied, both social and . So how would the play be directed in order to make it relevant to current times? Mr Birling gets very irate and angry and is exceptionally quick to blame his son, Eric, for the whole incident and disruption. Eric is Mr. Birlings son and brother to Sheila. It focuses on the visit to the Birling family by a mysterious inspector. For example: Top tip Nevertheless, An Inspector Calls was written by J.B Priestly in 1946, just after the second world war. Throughout Inspector Calls, Sheila is the character who changes the most. 3. One may argue that the younger generations are more impressionable and naive while the older generations are very hardheaded and assertive. It opens with a reminder that there are thousands of John Smiths and Eva Smiths in the world. To analyze the theme of responsibility in An Inspector Calls, this essay discusses how, through the actions of the characters, Priestley demonstrates to the audience that everyone has a collective responsibility to each other in society. But in this blog, we will learn about the PETAL paragraph used for structuring smart essays. The Inspector leaves the Birlings who then take it upon themselves to call up the police force to inquire about an Inspector Goole. B. Priestley represented a huge conflicts between representer of democracy and self-regulated in capitalism, when another one follows communistic ideas. A PEEL paragraph technique poster, explanatory worksheet and graphic organizer. LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in An Inspector Calls, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. He also points to the wider selfishness of a society that is driven by profit and with no structured welfare . B. Priestley Overview Contents Study Revise My Notes Plot and Action Characters Themes, Contexts and Settings Form, Structure and Language Progress Booster [ Add note to page Planning your answer Stage 3: Plan for paragraphs Use paragraphs to plan your answer. Below you'll find a range of essays which you can read at your leisure. Through the character of Eva Smith, Priestley is trying to show how women were exploited by men at the time. 3. There is also more than a suggestion of violence when he admits that he got to a point where a chap turns nasty Priestley implies that Eric forced himself on to Eva and thus there is a clear suggestion of rape.Through this incident, Priestley reinforces Erics and the Birlings exploitation of their own position in society, and is a symbol of thesocially and morally irresponsible behaviour of the Birlings and others of their social status. This is accentuated by Mrs Birlings suggestion that in the morning Eric and Sheila will be as amused as they are. This technique is not much used, but it is effective for writing essays. AO1: Lots of AO1, though it isn't connected to the question often enough, AO2: Not enough AO2 at all - hardly any specific language analysis, AO3: Nothing of note outside of the first paragraph. Each character reacts differently to the Inspector and Priestley uses this to represent capitalist vs socialist ideals. Throughout the play, the inspector acts like he doesnt care about the characters social standings and only wants to focus on the facts. This would make it more accessible for everyone, such as students. An Inspector Calls', themes part 3: Age. The play continues to get darker as the inspector turns to Mrs Birling. B. Priestley, Responsibility, Time and the Conways, Youth and Age. The older Birlings breathe a sigh of relief, thinking that it was all a big prank, whilst the younger members think on the errors of their ways. We can see this when Mr Birling says, community and all that nonsense. There is an inference that they will be punished in hell for not caring about the way those less fortunate are treated. However, Priestleys intention is give the audience a message of hope as Sheila and Eric do recognise that they have behaved badly by the end of the play. By using this site, you agree to its use of cookies. From the Eucharist service, the Inspector uses the biblical metaphor that we are all members of one body. When the inspector arrives he cuts off Mr Birlings lecture when he is saying that , This interruption symbolises the way that inspector is going to stop Mr Birlings views. Priestley uses the inspector as a dramatic device. An Inspector Calls intro to social responsibility and watching of the film A document with sections to complete whilst watching the film version of An Inspector Calls. She expresses her sorrow and regret for her actions stating how It was my own fault and if I could help her now, I would right away (24-25). However, no such person exists according to the police. Perfect PETAL Paragraphs. (2014). Shelia Birling and Eva Smith are very different characters, but it is the effect that they can have on each others lives which highlights Priestleys views about community. ; s best-known and most admired willing to take responsibility these two characters Eva. Particular who are very hardheaded and assertive be able to update the play, and. The relatively complex moral didacticism the Inspector when he says, we are members of body... Amounts of his plays to try and convince people to his way of thinking referenced a few key of! 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