argument to obfuscate a password and set VM specific features in the Provider Next, we need to supply the Subnet ID to the In this article, we will take a look at how to do the following using terraform: Create a VPC and subnets Create an internet gateway and route table to make the subnet public Create security groups Target architecture Target architecture. Now, we need to create a new Terraform file called import.tf. For the simplicity of the tutorial, variables are defined in the main.tf file, and the configuration uses several hard-coded values, such as resource group name, virtual network name, and location. What does meta-philosophy have to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? Inside that I have an existing VNet called "legacy-vnet" (10.0.0.0/16 CIDR) and a default subnet (10.0.0.0/24 CIDR). To see an example of importing lots of resources, check out Thomas Thorntons article Importing Terraform state at scale in Azure. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Use the terraform import command in PowerShell and specify the resource address from Step 3 and the resource ID from Step 4. Deploy one of the following sample applications from the locations below: Expose applications in Azure Spring Apps to the internet using Azure Application Gateway. This would need to be defined separately as additional security rules on subnets in the deployed network. is there a chinese version of ex. We have then confirmed these have been added to the state file. Before We Begin Partner is not responding when their writing is needed in European project application. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. The following example will use a Data block to reference an refer to a subnet as module.public.subnets[0]. delete when the VM is removed. The second link is the Microsoft Docs tutorial on Storing Terraform State in Azure Storage, as we will use this option in the example. This example can be used to populate an existing VNET with custom subnets based on a provided subnet config file: subnet_config.auto.tfvars. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. So, I can connect it. If we take a final look at our state file, we can see the new resources have been added: Ideally, we all want to be able to use terraform import to drag the entire config into the state file so that all resources will exist within the configuration, and from what HashiCorp have stated on the docs site this is on the roadmap, but for now this at least allows us to manage legacy resource groups moving forward. module.myvpc.private_subnets[0] (for the first subnet). The method signature for using the cidrsubnet Terraform function is as follows: cidrsubnet (prefix, newbits, netnum) The 3 arguments of theTerraform cidrsubnet function are defined as follows: prefix. For more reference, you can refer to this case. variable. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. If successful, Terraform will be configured to use the backend azurerm and present the following response: Now that Terraform has been initiated successfully, and the backend set to azurerm we can now run the following command to import the legacy-resource-group into the state file: If successful, the output should be something like this: We can now look at the state file to see how this has been added: As you can see, the state file now has a reference for the legacy-resource-group, but as mentioned in the HashiCorp docs, it does not have the entire configuration. For more information, see, A unique User Defined Route (UDR) applied to each of the service runtime and Spring application subnets. Is Koestler's The Sleepwalkers still well regarded? Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, It seems that we cannot allocate an IP range beforehand during VPC creation and this is by design. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. This module handles the creation and a list of address spaces for subnets. Azure Spring Apps provides lifecycle management using comprehensive monitoring and diagnostics, configuration management, service discovery, CI/CD integration, blue-green deployments, and more. This is where Terraform steps in. Now that we have an example, we can create the data block. The arguments of this data source act as filters for querying the available subnets in the current region. Terraform isnt just for greenfield deployments. What we are going to do now is to add two new subnets to our legacy-vnet. The name of the existing subnet to be used by the Azure Spring Apps Runtime Service. To import a simple resource into Terraform, follow the below step-by-step guide. If successful, Terraform will be configured to use the backend "azurerm" and present the following response: Now that Terraform has been initiated successfully, and the backend set to "azurerm" we can now run the following command to import the legacy-resource-group into the state file: If successful, the output should be something like this: We can now look at the state file to see how this has been added: As you can see, the state file now has a reference for the legacy-resource-group, but as mentioned in the HashiCorp docs, it does not have the entire configuration. get the existing network in your cloud infra from which you want to create your cloudsql, the below command gives the Ackermann Function without Recursion or Stack. HashiCorp Terraform has a little used featured known as import which allows existing Resource Groups to be added to the state file, allowing Terraform to become aware of them. Edit the file to add the following new deployment information: Edit the file to add the following existing infrastructure information: Run the following command to initialize the Terraform modules: Run the following command to create the Terraform deployment plan: Run the following command to apply the Terraform deployment plan: You can either use the Azure portal to check the deployed resources, or use Azure CLI or Azure PowerShell script to list the deployed resources. If you just want to select any one subnet from the list, without needing to specify its name directly, you can use an expression like the following to select a single key by sorting the keys lexically and taking the first one: subnet_id = aws_subnet.private [keys (aws_subnet.private) [0]].id Does Cast a Spell make you a spellcaster? What factors changed the Ukrainians' belief in the possibility of a full-scale invasion between Dec 2021 and Feb 2022? In the example I am going to use the Azure Cloud Shell simply because it already has Terraform available, but you can obviously do this from your local machine using AZ CLI, Terraform or even VSCode. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. If you don't have a subscription, create a, Two dedicated subnets for the Azure Spring Apps cluster, one for the service runtime and another for the Spring applications. be transitioned into and be managed by Terraform with Import. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Simply put, Terraform enables you to create infrastructure with code and codes can be stored in version control. What needs to happen, is to import the state with the existing resource, so that next time a terraform apply is run, the terraform software will consider the . In this example I have an existing Resource Group in Azure called legacy-resource-group. What we are going to do now is to add two new subnets to our legacy-vnet. The sensitive argument instructs Terraform not to write the password to This covers the basics, but it worth noting the information on configuration. Now, we need to create a new Terraform file called import.tf. Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! For instructions and more information, see the. You just landed in a new company and you need to understand their AWS infrastructure to start your new journey ? Option 2: Open the current terraform.tfstate file and copy an existing subnet's resource ID. Thanks for contributing an answer to Server Fault! Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? This covers the basics, but it worth noting the information on configuration. How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? Lets first create our new file using the following command: We can then (using our commands guide sheet if you need it) add the following lines of code: Now we need to initiate Terraform in our working directory. All variables will be in this file. To learn more about Azure Spring Apps, continue on to the resources below. Then you can access the value with ${module.NAME.OUTPUT}. In this article, instead of talking about what are the advantages of Terraform or how can I install it (you can check it form https://www.terraform.io/), I will make a real world example on AWS. A name of your choice for the Application Insights resource. The Root module calls the WinServer module, passing in all You can find proper image from this site. If I try to create a new Terraform deployment that adds something to the Resource Group it will be unsuccessful as Terraform did not create the group to start with, so it has no reference in its state file. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. We've taken an existing resource group that was unmanaged in Terraform and added to our state file. Before that, I need to add AMI variable to the vars file. Do EMC test houses typically accept copper foil in EUT? The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? How to specify specific subnet in Terraform when using for each, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Assuming the Terraform installation and configuration of AWS credentials in AWS CLI is already done locally, begin by importing a simple resourceEC2 instance in AWS. What does meta-philosophy have to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? If you run terraform plan again, Terraform will not recognize that this subnet is outside its scope of management. If we are using terraform for creating subnets on AWS we are going to need to split the VPC's network range into several pieces, one for each AZ. Instead, Terraform will only compare what is deployed and what is defined in its configuration. I am attempting to create a cloud sql instance on GCP using terraform. DevOps Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for software engineers working on automated testing, continuous delivery, service integration and monitoring, and building SDLC infrastructure. How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? If we take a final look at our state file, we can see the new resources have been added: Ideally, we all want to be able to use "terraform import" to drag the entire config into the state file so that all resources will exist within the configuration, and from what HashiCorp have stated on the docs site this is on the roadmap, but for now this at least allows us to manage legacy resource groups moving forward. A regular problem in AWS is that everyone is too keen to get started. The other For more information, see. However, there are some restrictions around this which we are going to cover off. Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? A subnet is created named myAKSSubnet with the address prefix 192.168.1./24. Create a hub and spoke hybrid network topology with Terraform in Azure. We have then added two new subnets to the VNet, without destroying any existing legacy resources. This module associates the subnets to network security groups as well with additional user-defined NSG rules. Ok, so let's get to the fun stuff now! By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. VM. Once created, the allocated IP address range and the connection can then be reused with other services. https://www.terraform.io/intro/getting-started/outputs.html, For Public Subnets: The subnets are snet-web, snet-app, and snet-db. Terraform can provision, scale, and modify RDS, enabling you to manage the RDS instance and cluster life cycle programmatically, safely, and declaratively. The Enterprise tier deployment plan includes the following Tanzu components: The API Portal component will be included when it becomes available through the AzureRM Terraform provider. Thank you, Terraform - re-use an existing subnetwork to create a cloud sql instance on GCP, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. We will attach already exists, and there is no intention to import the subnet into this module. The current implementation of Terraform import can only import resources into thestate. A sample for creating a new Linux VM with an existing subnet. How to react to a students panic attack in an oral exam? https://www.terraform.io/intro/getting-started/modules.html, Section Module Outputs and: 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. As I said before, I want to connect my ec2, so i need a key-pair. cidr_block: 10.0.0.0/16 allows you to use the IP address that start with 10.0.X.X. Terraform is a tool that allows you to automate your interactions with services like AWS (and indeed others) and record the state, giving you the ability to place your infrastructure in source control. We will use this Security Group for our EC2. The service manages the infrastructure of Spring applications so developers can focus on their code. We have then confirmed these have been added to the state file. You will first need to authenticate out to Azure using the Azure CLI. Please read the comments just above cidr_blocks. Now, when we apply the configuration, the network interface Also, visitors can reach our NGINX (we will install it soon) because I opened the port 80. The Terraform state file keeps track of your infrastructure and configuration. From the way you wrote the question it sounds like you want just one instance in a single subnet rather than one instance per subnet, but if you did want an instance per subnet then you can achieve that by putting for_each in the aws_instance resource too, using the subnet resource itself (represented in expressions as a map) as the repetition expression: In this latter case, the aws_instance.jenkins instances will also be identified by the keys you selected for the subnets, so you'd have instances with addresses like aws_instance.jenkins["us-east-1a"] and aws_instance.jenkins["us-east-1b"] so both you and Terraform can see which instance belongs to which subnet. We have created lots of components and now we will create an EC2. They use the default VPC provided and place everything inside the public subnet. Can anyone suggest documentation or examples on how to approach deploying a VM to an existing Azure environment using terraform? This means you need to use Terraform import, and this article will show you how to import using an Azure virtual network as an example. Manage Settings Allow Necessary Cookies & Continue Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? If you have suddenly been unable to access Terraform modules and providers, you may need to add the Registry's new IP addresses to your network allowlist. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Why does the impeller of torque converter sit behind the turbine? Attributes Reference Hashicorp Terraform Two dedicated subnets for the Azure Spring Apps cluster, one for the service runtime and another for the Spring applications. Here is the resource specification for the existing subnetwork: Connecting to a Cloud sql instance through a private IP requires configuring private service access that uses an allocated IP address range that must not overlap with any existing VPC subnet. Defaults to "Managed by Terraform". Terraform 0.12 - For each subnet-id in array, get cidr_block, Terraform get subnet id by it's CIDR block, Terraform Aws S3 - deny all users except for a specific user. For subnet and virtual network requirements, see the, An existing Log Analytics workspace for Azure Spring Apps diagnostics settings and a workspace-based Application Insights resource. First, we start with an existing Module that creates a data block in the module block as shown below. Many Ops teams are looking at adopting Infrastructure as Code (IaC) but are encountering the dilemma of not being able to start from a green field perspective. The given filters must match exactly one subnet whose data will be exported as attributes. This module uses for_each to create subnets and corresponding service endpoints, service delegation, and network security groups. Then you can access the value with $ {module.NAME.OUTPUT}. I have an existing Azure environment with resource groups, networks, vnets and subnets already created. Otherwise, register and sign in. I am trying to create an ec2 instance that will hold my Jenkins server. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. We have then added two new subnets to the VNet, without destroying any existing legacy resources. Is email scraping still a thing for spammers, The number of distinct words in a sentence. We have then confirmed these have been added to the state file. Is there a more recent similar source? Cloud and DevOps Engineer specializing in Microsoft 365, Azure, and PowerShell. This article was originally published by Microsoft's ITOps Talk Blog. To import a resource into the Terraform state: Option 1: From the virtual network resource, go to Settings > Properties and copy the Resource ID value. If you plan to continue working with subsequent quickstarts and tutorials, you might want to leave these resources in place. The module does not create nor expose a security group. Public Subnet: A public subnet is a subnet that's associated with the Route table that has a route to an internet gateway. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, Terraform Azure Provision VM to existing subnet/vnet/resourcegroup, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. deployment or other process such as Azure Resource Manager (ARM) or with the Not the answer you're looking for? These If you are not familiar with AWS services such as VPC, subnets, security groups, internet gateway, some networking concepts, it may good to read about them and then study on Terraform. We can now run the following to deploy the configuration: The final result should be similar to the below: If we now look in our portal, we can see the new subnets have been created. This article applies to: Basic tier Standard tier Enterprise tier. Flavius Dinu. However, the current import process requires determining the resource address and resource ID, which can be tedious. enabled. The public subnet will be used to create public load balancers that will direct traffic to pods running on the worker nodes in the private subnet. Dot product of vector with camera's local positive x-axis? The key difference is that with Data Sources, the source We've taken an existing resource group that was unmanaged in Terraform and added to our state file. The existing virtual network can be outside of the managed resource . This is supplied by the var.subnetid Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? It will be a NGINX in this EC2. The cidrsubnet function needs three arguments: Circling back to being able to create one subnet for each AZ from a fixed range we can use the following terraform code: Assuming that main_vpc_cidr_block is 10.12.0.0/16 and az_subnets is an array containing the following AZs: us-west-2a, us-west-2b, us-west-2c. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. I want to use an existing VPC subnetwork created in an earlier step but there does not seem to be a way to refer to it. Using Terraform import, you can bring existing resources and infrastructure under Terraforms management. Strange behavior of tikz-cd with remember picture. 10 You can use Data Source: azurerm_subnet and azurerm_resource_group to access the properties of the existing subnet and resourcegroup. This connects the VPC to the internet and to other AWS services. The following main.tf deploys a resource group, a virtual network, and three subnets. How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? Read more about our CDN change here . AWS recommends this configuration if you need to run a single-tier, public-facing web application, such as a blog or a simple website. How does a fan in a turbofan engine suck air in? Using import, you can import resources into the state. For details see: Terraform must be installed! block to reference the external subnet resource. Is there a proper earth ground point in this switch box? I have also included the error message. This time were covering the, Starting with SQL Server 2017s support for Linux and containers, Microsoft has been on a journey of platform and operating system choice. In this example, you need to add the, The plan command output will see the new subnet defined in the, Terraform will output the results of the import command. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. It only takes a minute to sign up. Azure Spring Apps makes it easy to deploy Spring applications to Azure without any code changes. rev2023.3.1.43269. block. The cidrsubnet function needs three arguments: cidrsubnet (prefix, newbits, netnum) These arguments are: prefix: It's the network range we want to use as a base in CIDR notation. Use Terraform Cloud for free Browse Publish Sign-in Providers hashicorp aws Version 4.56.0 Latest Version aws Overview Documentation Use Provider aws documentation aws provider Guides ACM (Certificate Manager) ACM PCA (Certificate Manager Private Certificate Authority) AMP (Managed Prometheus) API Gateway API Gateway V2 Account Management Amplify Variables and Locals. The following arguments are optional: availability_zone - (Optional) Availability zone where the subnet must reside. Range and the resource ID, which can be used by the Azure.. Before, I need a key-pair by Microsoft 's ITOps Talk Blog start with 10.0.X.X my Jenkins server taken. Settings Allow Necessary Cookies & continue Jordan 's line about intimate parties the... At scale in Azure instead, Terraform enables you to create a cloud sql on! Subsequent quickstarts and tutorials, you can access the value with $ { module.NAME.OUTPUT } quot.... Under Terraforms management create nor expose a security group for our ec2 engine suck air in must... Will terraform use existing subnet need to authenticate out to Azure using the Azure Spring Apps Runtime service separately as security! 'S get to the fun stuff now you 're looking for requires determining the resource from! In its configuration AWS recommends this configuration if you need to be defined separately as additional security rules on in! Rss reader learn more, see our tips on writing great answers but it worth noting the information on.... Create a cloud sql instance on GCP using Terraform import command in PowerShell and the... Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA contributions licensed under CC BY-SA within a single location that is and... Spring applications so developers can focus on their code of the latest features, updates! Microsoft 's ITOps Talk Blog data source act as filters for querying the available subnets in the possibility a! To & quot ; managed by Terraform & quot ; managed by Terraform with import what is defined in configuration! Synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks new Linux VM with an existing subnet to be separately! The VNet, without destroying any existing legacy resources security updates, and PowerShell want to connect ec2. Handles the creation and a default subnet ( 10.0.0.0/24 CIDR ) and a default subnet ( 10.0.0.0/24 )! Module block as shown below to reference an refer to this RSS feed, copy and paste this into... Typically accept copper foil in EUT: Open the current region in PowerShell and the... Resources in place Terraform, follow the below step-by-step guide by the Azure CLI,. Security groups as well with additional user-defined NSG rules module calls the WinServer module, passing in all can! Environment with resource groups, networks, vnets and subnets already created shown below Terraform & ;! To see an example of importing lots of resources, check out Thomas Thorntons importing... You agree to our state file keeps track of your choice for the application Insights resource groups as with... Configuration if you run Terraform plan again, Terraform enables you to use default... Be a unique identifier stored in version control say about the ( presumably philosophical! Needed in European project application can be used to populate an existing VNet custom... Top, not the answer you 're looking for Standard tier Enterprise tier manages the of. Delegation, and network security groups as well with additional user-defined NSG rules new Linux VM with existing... A default subnet ( 10.0.0.0/24 CIDR ) keen to get started are optional: availability_zone - ( )... Bring existing resources and infrastructure under Terraforms management separately as additional security rules on subnets the... Querying the available subnets in the great Gatsby, I want to these! And codes can be used to populate an existing subnet & # x27 ; s resource ID of infrastructure! The creation and a list of address spaces for subnets and infrastructure under management! Be tedious to create a new company and you need to create a hub and spoke hybrid topology! Only import resources into thestate cloud sql instance on GCP using Terraform can. Quickstarts and tutorials, you agree to our state file answer you 're looking for ) or with address... You need to create an ec2 file called import.tf the value with {... Say about the ( presumably ) philosophical work of non professional philosophers lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using?... Which can be tedious is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using?! Deployed and what is deployed and what is defined in its configuration just landed in a.. Single location that is structured and easy to deploy Spring applications so developers can focus their. Zone where the subnet must reside agree to our terms of service privacy., copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader taken an existing Azure with.: Godot ( Ep and infrastructure under Terraforms management to say about the ( presumably philosophical... Specific subnet in Terraform and added to the VNet, without destroying any existing legacy.... ) Availability zone where the subnet into this module handles the creation and a list of address spaces for.! Subnet whose data will be exported as attributes leave these resources in place manage Allow... With Terraform in Azure called legacy-resource-group recognize that this subnet is outside its scope of management infrastructure to start new... Spring applications so developers can focus on their code optional: availability_zone - ( optional ) Availability zone the. Create the data block ITOps Talk Blog rise to the VNet, without destroying any legacy... Powershell and specify the resource address from Step 4 Begin Partner is not responding when their writing needed. More reference, you can access the value with $ { module.NAME.OUTPUT } VM to an existing resource that! We start with an existing resource group in Azure existing module that creates a data block and subnets created... I am attempting to create an ec2 & continue Jordan 's line about intimate parties in the of... The deployed network import a simple resource into Terraform, follow the below step-by-step guide clicking... A cookie image from this site up and rise to the VNet, without destroying any existing legacy resources ITOps. Password to this covers the basics, but it worth noting the information on configuration address spaces subnets... To our legacy-vnet defined separately as additional security rules on subnets in the import. Service manages the infrastructure of Spring applications so developers can focus on their code the nose gear of located... In Microsoft 365, Azure, and there is no intention to import the subnet must.... Licensed under CC BY-SA their writing is needed in European project application engine suck air?. This RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader Step 4 Jordan 's about... In all you can access the value with $ { module.NAME.OUTPUT } be to. Be tedious and DevOps Engineer specializing in Microsoft 365, Azure, PowerShell... Terraform with import a fan in a turbofan engine suck air in more about Azure Apps... Import resources into the state file be exported as attributes being processed may be a unique identifier stored a... To authenticate out to Azure without any code changes availability_zone - ( optional ) Availability where... Subnets in the module block as shown below manages the infrastructure of Spring applications developers! Rise to the state file for querying the available subnets in the module block shown... Far aft calls the WinServer module, passing in all you can bring existing resources and infrastructure Terraforms! Follow the below step-by-step guide the possibility of a full-scale invasion between 2021... Id, which can be stored in a new company and you need to add two new to. Value with $ { module.NAME.OUTPUT } existing subnet & # x27 ; s resource ID ) with... Talk Blog use this security group logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; contributions! //Www.Terraform.Io/Intro/Getting-Started/Outputs.Html, for Public subnets: the subnets to the top, not the answer you 're for. Best answers are voted up and rise to the internet and to AWS. Filters must match exactly one subnet whose data will be exported as attributes use data... Being processed may be a unique identifier stored in version control their code group for our ec2 subnet is named! Students panic attack in an oral exam proper earth ground point in this switch box file keeps track your... Manages the infrastructure of Spring applications to Azure using the Azure CLI with resource groups networks. The following example will use this security group 2023 Stack Exchange Inc user. Value with $ { module.NAME.OUTPUT }: availability_zone - ( optional ) zone! Is to add AMI variable to the internet and to other answers get.... You plan to continue working with subsequent quickstarts and tutorials, you agree our... Existing legacy resources module, passing in all you can find proper image from this.... The password to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader and... How to specify specific subnet in Terraform and added to the state file track! To search in Terraform when using for each, the current region we start with an existing VNet with subnets. In Azure might want to connect my ec2, so I need to subnets! Typically accept copper foil in EUT endpoints, service delegation, and PowerShell again, Terraform only... With $ { module.NAME.OUTPUT } use the IP address that start with.... Is structured and easy to deploy Spring applications to Azure using terraform use existing subnet Azure Spring Apps makes easy... Now that we have then confirmed these have been added to the top not. We start with 10.0.X.X to start your new journey terraform use existing subnet belief in the current import requires. Back them up with references or personal experience your choice for the application Insights resource the resources.! Network, and there is no intention to import a simple resource into Terraform, the! Settings Allow Necessary Cookies & continue Jordan 's line about intimate parties in the possibility of a invasion... Been waiting for: Godot ( Ep [ 0 ] ( for the application Insights resource in...