Most archeologists have sought these cities in the southern Ghor, although a few think they were farther north. Valley means that the river Jordan was flowing there Gen. 13:10 BEFORE the LORD destroyed the four cities. Zoar, it would seem, was a safe enough distance from Sodom so as not to suffer any collateral damage. Nor is the Lisan (Tongue) missing from the map because of low water levels. Perhaps exactly the opposite is truethe Madaba Map depicts no Lisan because of high water levels. Four highly acclaimed books, published in conjunction with the Smithsonian Institution: Aspects of Monotheism, Feminist Approaches to the Bible, The Rise of Ancient Israel and The Search for Jesus. As for Schlegels view of Deuteronomy 2:4-5, 9, 34:1-3 and Joshua 13:8-28, I can only say that it borders on nonsense. It's not a good thing to be ignorant of the things one professes to believe in. Albuquerque, N.M.: TSU Press, 2015. Apparently Bela was Zoar's earlier name. Please, let me flee there. Did Lot or the men of Sodom recognize Lot's visitors as angels? Others who support Tall el-Hammam include: The separatists chose to name their town Zoar after the Biblical account of Lot, who escaped to Zoar from Sodom in the book of Genesis. Imagine a week after the event, Lot is walking around a field somewhere and someone recognizes him as one of the 'mayors' of Sodom (go with me on this). I don't think we can know what the original intention of cities on the plain fully implied. zo'-ar (tso`ar; the Septuagint usually Segor, Zogora): The name of the city to which Lot escaped from Sodom (Genesis 19:20-23, 30), previously mentioned in Genesis 13:10; Genesis 14:2, 8, where its former name is said to have been Bela. Combine a one-year tablet and print subscription to BAR with membership in the BAS Library to start your journey into the ancient past today! I will address his points vis--vis my location of Zoar [at/near the confluence of the Arnon River (Wadi Mujib) with the Dead Sea] in the order of his objections. The traditional location of the place is at the south end of the Dead Sea. Press, 1995; pp. The details of the Genesis story emphasize the proximity of Zoar to Sodom (Gen. 19:17, 25, 28). Isnt it best that BAR allows for a neutral site, allowing scholars to make their case? Steven Collins, Director, Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project, Jordan Biblical explanations of Sodom and Gomorah is a pure reality and true. Bible Book Code: 0101902401a. The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible (Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2013), 70, 191, 202, 212220, 38387. Thank you, Her nobles flee to Zoar, to Eglath Shelishiyah; for they go up by the ascent of Luhith with weeping; for in the way of Horonaim, they raise up a cry of destruction. Wiki User. (b) It is identical in . BTW Bolen places the Patriarchs in the Early Bronze Age which few conservative archaeologist do. The Bible itself explained where Sodom, Admah, Gomorrha and Zeboim were and presently are- just under/ inside the dead sea. If you want to meet halfway between Hebron, CT and Zoar, OH or just make a stop in the middle of your trip, the exact coordinates of the halfway point of this route are 41.067623 and -76.985054, or 41 4' 3.4428" N, 76 59' 6.1944" W. This location is 295.68 miles away from Hebron, CT and Zoar, OH and it would take approximately 4 hours 37 mins . Note the parallel with Abraham pleading for Sodom. Trying to fit the archeological sites in the Middle East to biblical sights is not objective, or scientific. Are you speaking of its coming into being after Sodom, but while Abraham was still alive? Two angels appearing as men were staying with Lot when the men of Sodom surrounded Lot's house and demanded that Lot surrender the angels in the guise of men . Boston, MA: The Talmud Society. I also agree with Emerson and Randy (both 02/22/13) that as Christians one should never, ever, ever use BCE and CE. God Bless! In the July/August 2013 issue, Collins responded to reader Shirley S. Reeds question on the location of Zoar. Very good information. Sign up to receive our email newsletter and never miss an update. Answer (1 of 20): I know many who will read this do not take the Bible's story of Sodom and Gomorrah seriously, but I hope you will investigate what I am about to say for yourself to see if it is true. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Based on apparently where Abraham and Lot were located as they both viewed the well watered Jordan valley, they would have been viewing the north end of the Dead Sea. Today, at the present historic low-level, you can easily see Roman and Byzantine ruins along the eastern shoreline of the Dead Sea, right next to the water! I am willing to hear from you as we are the body of the Messiah and I need your suggestions (Jeremiah 31:31-33 cf. Fig 2 below shows the excavation site of the known traditional location of the "Sanctuary of Lot" in . (Note: This is an updated and reformatted version from what was . Zoar was supposed to be destroyed, too, but Lot asked for this city to be spared. inhabitants it was burnt by lightning; in consequence of which there For one thing, Lot's virgin daughters were pledged to be married to men of Sodom. As Neev and Emery state: As Zoar of the first century A.D. was a seaport, it had to be on the shore and must have been north of [the paved Roman road traversing the Lisan] or near the head of the Bay of Mazraa [at the south end of the north basin]. Just a few miles from the southern shore of the Sea is a site that has retained the name Zoar since Bible times. Gen. 14.1-2 (LEB). If the cities of the plain could defeat the invading . . diss., Trinity Southwest University, 2016. You can ALSO see the circular blast pattern in the geology there using Google Earth or Google Maps by going to Sodom Blast Site. So where is Sodom, according to the Biblical geography of Genesis 13? Genesis 10:19 The border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as you go toward Gerar, to Gaza; as you go toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, to Lasha.. Genesis 13:10 Lot lifted up his eyes, and saw all the plain of the Jordan, that it was well-watered everywhere, before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, like the garden of Yahweh, like the land of Egypt, as you go to Zoar. Deuteronomy 34:3 and the South, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm trees, to Zoar. Sodom and Gomorrah were only two of many kingdoms around the Jordan River valley and the Dead Sea region, also called the Valley of Siddim. Zoar was close to Sodom (Genesis 19:20) - as are these ruins. Each issue of Biblical Archaeology Review features lavishly illustrated and easy-to-understand articles such as: Fascinating finds from the Hebrew Bible and New Testament periods, The latest scholarship by the world's greatest archaeologists and distinguished scholars, Stunning color photographs, informative maps, and diagrams, Reviews of the latest books on biblical archaeology, 45+ years of Biblical Archaeology Review, 20+ years of Bible Review online, providing critical interpretations of biblical texts. Not much wonder Sodom was mentioned in the Ebla tables in the Early Bronze age trading with Sodom. We are not told upon what occasion he removed; whether terrified by the destruction of Sodom, or, as some of the Jewish writers say, because he was grieved at Lot's incest with his daughters, and the reproach which the Canaanites cast upon him for his kinsman's sake. Such an outstanding and picturesque tongue-like shore would not have been overlooked by the artist-cartographer of that map. They further state that Postures of two cargo vessels portrayed on the Madaba Map imply that the main traffic was between Zoar, port at the southeast corner of the north basin, and the north coast as close as possible to Jericho, the gate to Judea. Check it out. 29:23) They were border cities of Canaan, in line with Sidon, Gaza, and Lasha (Gen. 10:19, 13:12) They were visible to the East of . Bethel and Ai are located near Jericho which is located directly across from the northern end of the Dead Sea. But unlike other Canaanite cities that continued to flourish in the Late Bronze Age (1550-1200 B.C.E. Want this question answered? In Abraham's day, it was ruled by a king who rebelled with the four others of the District after 12 years of domination by Chedorlaomer, only to be defeated by the Elamite monarch and his three allies. 25:8-9).Yahweh applied His FORMULA 10 times in 70 Weeks Prophecy. This bias flies in the face of the archaeological evidence indicating that no one has ever lived even close to the long lifespans referenced in the Bible. They go into great detail why I made my statement. In the Genesis account, God . You can hear what he had to say here: Pt. Im also glad to engage in scholarly debate in the pages of BAR on any and all topics related to the subject. Distance Calculations from Zoar in Western Cape. And this is as it should be, for the entire Bible has relavent historical facts within the lives of the peoples it portrays.Thank You to all of you. The countries of Syria and Philistia, as well as your other neighbors, hate you and make insulting remarks. Ackermann Function without Recursion or Stack. Firstly, a), when an assertion is made that something is NOT true, it is incumbent upon the one asserting that the subject in question is not true to show evidence for that assertion when challenged, and, b) it is patently absurd to claim that one cannot prove a negative. The geographical argument for Tall el-Hammam being Sodom is a lock at every turn. Genesis 14:8 The king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar) went out; and they set the battle in array against them in the valley of Siddim; Genesis 19:22 Hurry, escape there, for I can't do anything until you get there." In 1973 solid archaeological evidence was found for locating the Cities of the Plain, including Sodom and Gomorrah, . Plane describes the location of the cities of interest. (1918). What is the significance of Gen 46:10 "Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman"? are still the remainders of that divine fire; and the traces [or Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam by Dr. Todd Bolen on his blog (08/23/14). Since Sodom was destroyed in 1712 B.C., and since Zoar was in existence in 1100 A.D., that means it existed for at least another 2,900 years. Steve Collinss interpretation of the location of Zoar* on the Madaba Map is faulty. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Link here: Lot, etc. Besides, you could make the same argument for other ancient sites that are recorded in ancient writings. Mount Sodom is 226 meters above the Dead Sea and 170 meters below sea level, 2-3 kilometers wide and eleven kilometers long. 8. The Madaba Map is not depicting only the northern half of the Dead Sea, as Collins asserts. The destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah has also become an idiom in Hebrew: 'mahapechat S'dom vaAmora'. Additionally, the statement of Genesis 19:23 that the sun had risen over the land when Lot came to Zoar is better understood as the sun had gone forth over the land, and Lot came to Zoar; that is, the sun had completed its daily course and was in the process of setting in the west by the time Lot reached Zoar. Well, that's sort of the issue. The world of the Bible is knowable. The biblical geography alone as described in Genesis 13 should give enough credence to believe that Sodom may very well be located on the northern end of the Dead Sea and not the southeastern end. Depending on the vehicle you choose, you can also calculate the amount of CO2 emissions from your vehicle and assess the environment impact. 1. http://blog.bibleplaces.com/2013/02/arguments-against-locating-sodom-at.html, Thank you for reading! Link here: into smoke and ashes. That is helpful. They knew it was better to intercept their enemy and battle him at a distance rather than fight him on their doorstep. It was a sad ending for Lot, who started out so wealthy he needed to separate his flocks from Abraham, and ended up living in a cave, raped by his own daughters. Mythical approach of explanation in philosophy is called Appeal to Ignorance (Argumentum ad Ignorantum). I point out: whether historical or not The difficulty with Merrills chronological argument is his bias towards the old Usher and related chronologies. http://blog.bibleplaces.com/2012/01/biblical-problems-with-locating-sodom.html#c5540397197379336674, And lastly, search BiblePlaces.com Blog by Dr. Todd Bolen, keyword: Sodom. Sodom and Gomorrah, notoriously sinful cities in the biblical book of Genesis, destroyed by "sulfur and fire" because of their wickedness (Genesis 19:24). Therefore people like Krissy and Arlan may want to take a look to see if they can dismantle them, seeing as they dont believe Genesis really happened. This included the leaders. The Civilization-Ending 3.7KYrBP Kikkar Event: Archaeological Data, Sample Analyses, and Biblical Implications. In Annual Meeting of the Near East Archaeological Society: Atlanta, Ga., 16. "Therefore the name of the city was called Zoar . In no way does Abraham belong in the Intermediate Bronze Age or early MB1 as the hackneyed Ussher-style biblical chronologies suggest, at a time when none of the cities mentioned in the Abrahamic narratives existed, including Jerusalem and Dan. 54 Then you will be ashamed of how youve acted, and Sodom and Samaria will be relieved that they werent as sinful as you. Most recently, in shooting a documentary for National Geographic, the entire floor of the Byzantine church which contains the mosaic map was cleared and cleaned so that I could personally examine it in detail (on my hands and knees!). My thanks to Steve Collins. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Rodkinson, M. L. 6. Is Sodom related to Pompeii (present day- in Italy Rome)? Sign up to receive our email newsletter and never miss an update. With all due respect, Mr. Schlegels take on the location of Zoar is a classic case of seeing what one wants to see and believing what one wants to believe in spite of the facts. And many more. The site of Tall el-Hammam in my opinion is by far the best candidate for the site of Sodom, destroyed in the Middle Bronze Age on the Kikkar of the Jordan visible from the region of Ai. Now that objective is beginning to shift toward a more thoughtful exploration into what actually happened whether it backs up a bible story or offers a better insight into the actual history of the region. I, the Lord, have spoken. Lot chose the land of the plain of Jordan, near Sodom and Gomorrah, because of the rich pastureland there. Access to 50+ curated Special Collections. And he said to him, Behold, I will grant this favor as well; that I This man Lot was a close member of Abraham's family (Genesis 11:31, Genesis 13:8-9, Genesis 14:16.) plane is more of a geometry term in this context. Collins responded to reader Shirley S. Reeds question on the location of Zoar. The Middle Bronze Age Civilization-Ending Destruction of the Middle Ghor. Ph.D. In the article Where Is Sodom? archaeologist Steven Collins, using clues from the Biblical geography of Genesis 13 together with archaeological evidence from the site of Tall el-Hammam (pictured), argues that Biblical tradition located Sodom in a fertile area northeast of the Dead Sea. both for the fruits it bore and the riches of its cities, although it Since the Genesis patriarchal lifespan numbers are honorific formulas (likely base-60) and not base-10 arithmetic values, they cannot assist in constructing a proper chronology for Abraham. Wes, you are right that the long ages in Genesis fit the common practice in antiquity of exaggerating lifespans to give honor to ancient ancestors. Nathanael, I appreciate your posting of material that challenges the author and airs your thoughts on the matter. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. In this article it states that, We also know that the Dead Sea level in the time of Abraham (MB2) was approximately the historic low, as today., but how is that possible when Josephus, when speaking of the dead sea states, And when they were come over against Sodom, they pitched their camp at the vale called the Slimepits: for at that time there were pits in that place: but now, upon the destruction of the city of Sodom, that vale became the Lake Asphaltites a.k.a. Madaba Map. Steven Collins responds to a letter by Bill Schlegel, Arguments Against Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam In terms of why Lot didn't trust God to honor his promise, perhaps he was scared from the nearby destruction of the other cities. Roman Crucifixion Methods Reveal the History of Crucifixion. A city gate found there may be the one where Lot, Abraham's nephew, "sat" ( Genesis 19:1 ). Sodom and Gomorrah Destroyed - The two angels arrived at Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting in the gateway of the city. 7. His first protestation has to do with the sixth-century C.E. Not helpful is posing a battle between BAR and historical, biblical studies. . After a few hundred meters the trail makes a sharp . plain is actually the right word to use for geography. Be sure to also read the comment sections. But where exactly was this plain, and was a particular site associated with Sodom? Its an absolute fact that the Madaba Map features only the deep north basin of the Dead Sea. ZOAR. The ruins of the Biblical cities were apparently still visible as late as 1650. . (There are countless other examples of negative assertions that can be logically proven or disproven; you can even make a list of many yourself.). ~ Nathanael AmbassadorHerald Eisner. 23]: "The sun rose over the earth, when Lot entered into Zoar"; and R. Hanina said: "I saw the distance between Sodom and Zoar, and found it to be five miles." So, yes. Lets go to present day Do you want to go look around in Hiroshima or Nagasaki?? 8 years of Archaeology Odyssey online, exploring the ancient roots of the Western world in a scholarly and entertaining way, The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. This must be done via historical synchronisms and elements of cultural specificity. God destroyed the 'cities of the plain', being at least Sodom and Gomorrah and possibly more (unnamed). Josephus, F., & Whiston, W. (1987). To say this inability to disprove is like any other myth is simply not true. Links below: Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. How to get the closed form solution from DSolve[]? Jeremiah 48:34 From the cry of Heshbon even to Elealeh, even to Jahaz have they uttered their voice, from Zoar even to Horonaim, to Eglath Shelishiyah: for the waters of Nimrim also shall become desolate. If one placed Zoar on the Arnon/Wadi Mujib, then, it could be labeled Zared!. Zoar was a city located at the southeast end of the Dead Sea. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Even Bryant Wood places the Patriarchs in the Middle Bronze Age. Then the LORD rained on Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from the LORD out of heaven. As for the distance from Tall el-Hammam to Zoar at the confluence of the Arnon with the Dead Seait is 27 miles, not "over 40 miles" as Schlegel states. For further reading and documentation, I highly recommend my detailed article answering Mr. Schlegel at tallelhammam.com under Related Publications.. It is much better to interpret these lifespans authentically, i.e., the way the original readers would have. Gen 14:1-4 In c.1833BC, five local kings in the Valley of Siddim (the Jordan Valley near the Dead Sea) - Bera of Sodom, Birsha of Gomorrah, Shinab of Admah, Shemeber of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (Zoar) - rebel against their four distant overlords - Amraphel of Shinar (Babylonia), Arioch of Ellasar . to Lot, "Escape for thy life; look not behind thee . Ezekiel 16:52-58 MSG;NLT;WYC;CEV;CJB ? State/Province level distance calculator: In the following passage in Genesis 19:2-3 i marked a specific part. A mistake like that should be caught by the editor or the author in a scholarly article. Christian apologist William Lane Craig provides an excellent point of logic for the existence of God in the following construct: Most scientists, philosophers and theologians believe that the Universe had a beginning. Read responses by scholars Bill Schlegel and Todd Bolen regarding the location of Sodom. For centuries people knew exactly where Sodom and Gomorrah once stood. ?And Samaria. Thanks for contributing an answer to Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange! Again, speaking from a purely geological point of view, plate tectonics explains the continental drift between the Asian and African shelves. When Lot became drunk, his daughters seduced him. In conclusion, the best location for Zoar is not on the southeast corner of the Dead Sea's shallow . The time recorded for the fleeing by Lot and his family would then be critical for they would have to travel further than 25 km. Emery The Destruction of Sodom, Gomorrah, and Jericho: Geological, Climatological, and Archaeological Background, Oxford: Oxford U. In Biblical geography, this well-watered disk-shaped plain, said to have been located east of the highland towns of Bethel and Ai, was an area like the garden of the Lord, like the land of Egypt where Lot moved his family after his quarrel with Abraham (Genesis 13, verse 10). The two foremost theories for the genesis of the Universe are chance and God, and since chance does NOT meet these requirements, and God does, then obviously God is the best possible explanation for the genesis of all things. Ok so if God wiped this out for a reason dont you think he doesnt want you to find it?? Steven Collins responds to a letter by Bill Schlegel. follow it for a total of 1.4 Km, The initial climb is steep but then the trail makes a sharp left and levels. God destroyed Sodom as soon as Lot entered Zoar. In conclusion, the best location for Zoar is not on the southeast corner of the Dead Seas shallow (sometimes nonexistent) south basin, but on the southeast corner of the deep north basin, where, in fact, the Madaba Map places Byzantine Zoar.2 Graves, David E. The Location of Sodom: Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain. Zoar was not destroyed by God "not long after" Sodom was destroyed. Think the 9/11 event of the times. Genesis 19:23 The sun had risen on the earth when Lot came to Zoar. Is this taken into account, or am I misunderstanding? turned aside to him and entered his house; and he prepared a feast for Therefore, it is not surprising that many cities could have disappeared under the rising level of water, only to appear again a few centuries later. ( Ge 14:1-11) When Jehovah was about to destroy Sodom, Lot requested and received permission to . Thus, the north (and correctly smaller) river represented is the Wadi Zarqa. 56 Jerusalem, you were so arrogant that you sneered at Sodom. The destruction date-range of Tall el-Hammam/Sodom confirms this as well. It is commonly mentioned in connection with Gomorrah, but also with Admah and Zeboim, and on one occasion -- (Genesis 14:1) . The rulers who dare throw off Chedorlaomer's yoke are led by the king of Sodom whose allies are the kings of Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboim and Zoar (Genesis 14:2). 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The north ( and correctly smaller ) river represented is the significance Gen! 226 meters above the Dead Sea, as well, the north ( and correctly smaller ) represented... To be ignorant of the Messiah and I need your suggestions ( Jeremiah 31:31-33 cf Sodom ( 19:20. ; Sodom was mentioned in the Early Bronze Age Civilization-Ending Destruction of Sodom Lot. Vehicle you choose, you could make the same argument for Tall el-Hammam Project! Pastureland there membership in the Late Bronze Age ( 1550-1200 B.C.E scholars to make their case the! Age Civilization-Ending Destruction of the Dead Sea, as well as your neighbors! City located at the southeast corner of the plain of the plain ', being at Sodom!